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          <h2 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">上线前后准备入门
              
            
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        <p><img class="zhao-img-h153" src="http://qnfile.devzhao.com/blog/2018-11-17-073517.jpg"></p>
<a id="more"></a>
<p>研发和测试的结束并不是产品版本的结束，这时候不能掉以轻心。</p>
<p>上线前的准备主要是针对于上线后的稳定性，以及不给运营和市场的小伙伴挖坑为主。</p>
<p>主要手段是上线前的准备和撤回的预案，上线后的数据监控，和版本种子用的相关动作。</p>
<p>进阶部分是一些上线的推广策略。</p>
<p>更高层的是一些上线前预算等等保证运营顺利进行的东西。</p>
<p>产品经理如果想更好的对产品负责，很多时候除了产品本身的事情，还要去看一些运营的事情，毕竟这些都是和产品本身紧密相关的，想更好的做产品，要做一步，看三步，有更好的计划性。</p>
<h2 id="上线前准备"><a href="#上线前准备" class="headerlink" title="上线前准备"></a>上线前准备</h2><p>产品做出来,不是一个产品的终点,它是一个起点,面临上线产品经理要考虑尽量多的事情,来保证产品质量能尽可能的展现出来。</p>
<p>具体说来,在一家互联网公司内部,一款产品的设计、开发等过程往往对于运营不是很透明,这会导致各种潜在的信息不对称。比如：</p>
<ul>
<li>产品做了某个功能,运营不知道怎么用;</li>
<li>产品做了某些功能,但运营觉得完全没有卖点,无法推荐给用户;</li>
<li>产品更改了需求,但运营完全不知道,原先的准备工作全都白费了;</li>
<li>产品到了快上线前才告知运营,运营完全没有就产品的上线进行任何准备,导致产品根本不可能如期上线投入使用</li>
<li>…等等</li>
</ul>
<p>为了避免这些问题发生,其实产品和运营需要配合得更加紧密。</p>
<p>站在产品立场上,当有了一个产品idea的时候,应该要及时与运营进行同步和讨论,听取运营的意见。同时,站在运营立场上,也应该对于整个产品设计开发的流程有更多的了解,并主动参与到产品设计开发的过程中,尤其是在产品上线前,运营要与产品紧密配合,完成好产品的测试,制定一系列文档、资料等,以确保产品可以顺利上线,这些东西看似不起眼,但有时对一款产品能否顺利上线却会至关重要。</p>
<h3 id="查"><a href="#查" class="headerlink" title="查"></a>查</h3><p>产品是否满足了上限标准？上线标准就是上线清单。</p>
<p>不同公司的产品有不同的上线清单，如果有，上线之前就要按清单检查，如果没有就要着手建立清单了。</p>
<h4 id="符合上线标准了吗？"><a href="#符合上线标准了吗？" class="headerlink" title="符合上线标准了吗？"></a>符合上线标准了吗？</h4><ul>
<li><strong>回归测试：</strong> 核心流程、核心功能是否完整可用？</li>
<li><strong>bug list清空：</strong> 是否已经处理完毕？<ul>
<li>有没有一级二级bug</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>时间选择：</strong> 上线时间选择好了吗？</li>
</ul>
<p>并不是开发完成了，基础数据天空完成了，客服人员培训好了这些标准准备工作做好了就可以上线了，上线的时间还要考虑到非标准的因素，比如如果是电商产品，要考虑运营此时是否有大的活动，如果在大的活动期间上线无异于找死。再比如你是做k12的产品，中考结束这段时间就要避开。同时是选择一周之内的那一天上线，或者是白天上线还是晚上上线甚至是几点上线，这种“黄道吉日”都是需要思考的。</p>
<p>上线的时间确定最好是自己跟产品运营等相关的团队有一个公开的时间表。</p>
<ul>
<li><p><strong>冷启动：</strong> 内容是否已经准备完毕，可以正常使用？</p>
<ul>
<li>如资讯类，是否已经退有足够多的信息？</li>
<li>如交友类，初始妹子的数据是否填充完毕？</li>
</ul>
<p>比如某交友产品再上线前，做了一个活动，有奖征集妹子来登记信息，上传的照片越多，获得的奖品越丰厚，通过这些方式来填充数据。</p>
</li>
<li><p><strong>文案：</strong>所有文案是否明确无歧义？</p>
<ul>
<li>稍后 稍候，账户 帐户，登录 登陆，预定 预订</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="运营需要的上线物料准备好了吗？"><a href="#运营需要的上线物料准备好了吗？" class="headerlink" title="运营需要的上线物料准备好了吗？"></a>运营需要的上线物料准备好了吗？</h4><ul>
<li><strong>使用文档，帮助文档：</strong> 是否准备充分？是否已经上线？</li>
<li><strong>应用商店：</strong> 描述、图片等是否准备完毕？</li>
<li><strong>帮助中心：</strong> 文案是否更新？</li>
<li><strong>推广物料：</strong> 有哪些推广渠道？相关物料是否准备好了？</li>
</ul>
<p>一个视频形式的使用帮助：</p>
<p><a href="https://qnfile.devzhao.com/blog/2018-11-17234024shiyongbangzhu.mp4" target="_blank" rel="noopener"></a></p>
<h3 id="提前说，万一产品很烂，运营有机会补救"><a href="#提前说，万一产品很烂，运营有机会补救" class="headerlink" title="提前说，万一产品很烂，运营有机会补救"></a>提前说，万一产品很烂，运营有机会补救</h3><p>把产品的情况提前和运营说清楚，并提出一些解决方案配合运营进行补救。</p>
<h3 id="教"><a href="#教" class="headerlink" title="教"></a>教</h3><p>给一切相关的人做培训</p>
<p>特别要去给运营和客服做培训，否则他们会根据他们的理解去将产品推给用户。</p>
<h4 id="是否已经告知了运营和小伙伴们？"><a href="#是否已经告知了运营和小伙伴们？" class="headerlink" title="是否已经告知了运营和小伙伴们？"></a>是否已经告知了运营和小伙伴们？</h4><ul>
<li><strong>运营团队：</strong> 通知到相关人员，是否需要运营活动配合？</li>
</ul>
<p>比如说要上线一个小功能了，需要配合做一个运营活动进行推广，那么要提前和运营的人说，这样他们才能排出时间来安排运营活动，不能后天就要上线了，现在才跟人说，与此同时准备的进度也要跟进。</p>
<ul>
<li><p><strong>客服团队：</strong> 具体话术、使用教程、培训是否都已经做了？</p>
</li>
<li><p><strong>销售团队：</strong> 对销售可能带来的正面/负面影响是什么？</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>如果你的产品涉及到销售的话，一定要提前告诉销售团队可能带来的正面和负面影响是什么。比如你要上线一个调权的策略，这个时候有可能会让商家变相的涨价，比如你要上一个防作弊的东西，那么会干掉很多商家的信息，所以商家会很恼火，这个时候你要很明确的跟销售说带来的正面和负面的影响是什么，正面的会有的好处是什么，让他愿意大量的去推，负面的让他提前做好安抚的准备。</p>
<ul>
<li><p><strong>支持团队：</strong> 如财务（收入、支出）、后勤（奖品支持）等</p>
</li>
<li><p><strong>上线后影响：</strong> 需要那些人持续支持？明确周期、人和事项。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>例如，产品要上线一个支付宝支付的功能，那么需要那些人支持呢？我们需要考虑到各种情况，要不要做返现，要不要做折扣，对于线下的服务中心的人来说要不要做海报，要不要做内容推广，这些你是不是已经跟人说了，客服团队可能会出现不能支付怎么办等等等等。</p>
<h3 id="预案"><a href="#预案" class="headerlink" title="预案"></a>预案</h3><p>万一出现xxx怎么办</p>
<h4 id="是否有Plan-B"><a href="#是否有Plan-B" class="headerlink" title="是否有Plan B"></a>是否有Plan B</h4><ul>
<li>如果上线不成功怎么办？回滚会不会影响用户？</li>
</ul>
<p>比如是一个运营提的要求，必须要在10月10号上线，这个时候如果上线不成功怎么办？运营做的那些动作会对应用产生什么样的影响，该怎么处理？这些问题都需要考虑清楚。</p>
<ul>
<li>用户量暴增怎么办？</li>
</ul>
<p>你的服务器带宽，人员的支持，是否有plan B</p>
<ul>
<li><p>大量投诉怎么办？</p>
</li>
<li><p>回滚策略是什么？</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="收拾"><a href="#收拾" class="headerlink" title="收拾"></a>收拾</h3><p>一个小小的好习惯，积累产品经理人品</p>
<h4 id="上线后的细节决定人品"><a href="#上线后的细节决定人品" class="headerlink" title="上线后的细节决定人品"></a>上线后的细节决定人品</h4><ul>
<li><p>收拾文档，需求文档是否不成完整？</p>
<ul>
<li>如交互图、设计稿是否已经更新</li>
<li>需求变更，更新需求文档</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p>未实现的需求、bug的解决方案</p>
</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<p><img src="http://qnfile.devzhao.com/blog/2018-11-17-161916.jpg" alt=""></p>
<h3 id="总结"><a href="#总结" class="headerlink" title="总结"></a>总结</h3><h4 id="上线前需要做什么？"><a href="#上线前需要做什么？" class="headerlink" title="上线前需要做什么？"></a>上线前需要做什么？</h4><ul>
<li>人：各路小伙伴，通知到位</li>
<li>物：各种物料、文档都准备到位</li>
<li>事项：后续需要谁支持，都提前沟通到位</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<p>下面是“第九课堂这款产品的早期版本在上线前制定的两份文档,提供给大家作为参考。</p>
<p>注:第九课堂早期模式是一个O2O的技能交易平台,一端面向老师,邀请老师到平台上发布自己的课程內容,另一端则面向学员,支持学员可以到网站上查找自己感兴趣的课程,并付费报名后前往线下指点地点进行上课学习。在2012年时,我们仅基于北京在进行运营。</p>
<p>第一份是运营人员制作给站内老师的一份指导说明。</p>
<p>第九课堂老师推广文档(1.0版):<a href="https://qnfile.devzhao.com/blog/110205jtktg.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">点击这里下载</a>&gt;</p>
<p>第二份则是产品部门制作给运营部门进行参考的后台使用文档。</p>
<p>第九课堂后台使用流程:<a href="https://qnfile.devzhao.com/blog/110206jtkht.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">点击这里下载</a>&gt;</p>
<p>在产品新版本上线或新功能发布的过程中,这样的一些文档说明可能会是至关重要的,它们可以帮助你大大降低沟通成本,让你的工作变得更顺利,供你参考</p>
<h2 id="上线后数据监控与分析"><a href="#上线后数据监控与分析" class="headerlink" title="上线后数据监控与分析"></a>上线后数据监控与分析</h2><p>看<a href="https://www.devzhao.com/post/f408bb82.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">如何拆解一个指标</a>，产品上线后我们需要完成一个指标，该怎么去拆解它。</p>
<ul>
<li><p>目标分解的基本原则</p>
<ul>
<li>自上而下，层层拆分</li>
<li>越重要的目标，要拆得越细</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p>一个运营的好习惯</p>
<ul>
<li>让70%的事情变得可控</li>
<li>多思考，多分析</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>为了帮助大家更好理解运营指标的拆解和落地,我们在此再给大家提供两份文档作为参考。</p>
<ul>
<li><p>第九课堂2012年9月-10月的网站推广方案 <a href="https://qnfile.devzhao.com/blog/110307tgfa.xlsx" target="_blank" rel="noopener">点击这里下载</a></p>
</li>
<li><p>三节课微信公号2016年4月-5月间平均订阅用户主图文打开率目标拆解 <a href="https://qnfile.devzhao.com/blog/110308dklcj.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">点击这里下载</a></p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="找到种子用户"><a href="#找到种子用户" class="headerlink" title="找到种子用户"></a>找到种子用户</h2><p>针对上线后种子用户的运营技巧，种子用户对于一个产品至关重要。</p>
<p>种子用户的拓展和运营，是互联网产品早期最常见也是最有效的一种运营手段。</p>
<p>以下面这三个主题为基础，展开思考讨论</p>
<ul>
<li>了解“种子用户”是什么，可以带来什么价值？</li>
<li>了解找到种子用户的常见方法、思路</li>
<li>初步具备能力，可以做好种子用户的运营和规划</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="“种子用户”的价值与必要性"><a href="#“种子用户”的价值与必要性" class="headerlink" title="“种子用户”的价值与必要性"></a>“种子用户”的价值与必要性</h3><h4 id="什么事种子用户？"><a href="#什么事种子用户？" class="headerlink" title="什么事种子用户？"></a>什么事种子用户？</h4><p>在产品发展的早期，对产品的发展祈祷重要推动作用的用户，他们通常愿意鸡鸡与运营者互动，对产品充满热情。</p>
<h4 id="为什么早期需要种子用户？"><a href="#为什么早期需要种子用户？" class="headerlink" title="为什么早期需要种子用户？"></a>为什么早期需要种子用户？</h4><ul>
<li>早期产品的产品体验往往是无法保障，甚至一堆BUG。</li>
<li>新产品直接花钱做推广的成本较高，有了种子用户的口碑和势能积累，效果更佳。</li>
<li>有一部分产品，如平台类、社交类产品，天然就需要有一部分用户来做好价值供给和氛围打造。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="理想中种子用户的画像及拓展"><a href="#理想中种子用户的画像及拓展" class="headerlink" title="理想中种子用户的画像及拓展"></a>理想中种子用户的画像及拓展</h3><p>观点：</p>
<p><strong>种子用户阶段，感受可能大于数据。</strong></p>
<h4 id="理想的种子用户长什么样？"><a href="#理想的种子用户长什么样？" class="headerlink" title="理想的种子用户长什么样？"></a>理想的种子用户长什么样？</h4><ul>
<li>容错性高，需求更强烈更迫切。</li>
<li>乐于发表意见，喜欢提出建议，愿意持续与你进行互动，甚至愿意与你一起运营该产品。</li>
<li>在某个小圈子内有影响力，甚至是特定圈子内的意见领袖。</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="找到种子用户的集中常见姿势"><a href="#找到种子用户的集中常见姿势" class="headerlink" title="找到种子用户的集中常见姿势"></a>找到种子用户的集中常见姿势</h4><ul>
<li>线下混圈子，简历强信任感</li>
</ul>
<p>——基于人</p>
<ul>
<li>依靠价值、理念的输出传递，自然吸引而来。</li>
</ul>
<p>——基于事</p>
<ul>
<li>邀请码、边界条件的运用。</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="http://qnfile.devzhao.com/blog/2018-11-18-044532.jpg" alt=""></p>
<ul>
<li>社会化媒体、社区等地方长期耕耘，定向挖走。</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="http://qnfile.devzhao.com/blog/2018-11-18-044601.jpg" alt=""></p>
<h3 id="种子用户的运营侧重点-amp-常见方法"><a href="#种子用户的运营侧重点-amp-常见方法" class="headerlink" title="种子用户的运营侧重点&amp;常见方法"></a>种子用户的运营侧重点&amp;常见方法</h3><p>两个核心要点：</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>提供超出用户预期的体验</strong></li>
<li><strong>简历强新人+强互动的用户关系</strong></li>
</ul>
<p>一个原则：</p>
<p><strong>提供60分的预期 + 80分的体验</strong></p>
<h4 id="给予强烈的重视感-amp-参与感"><a href="#给予强烈的重视感-amp-参与感" class="headerlink" title="给予强烈的重视感&amp;参与感"></a>给予强烈的重视感&amp;参与感</h4><p>一定要很频繁的在很多事情上去征求他们的意见，在产品发生变化的时候，一定要提前去询问他们的看法，在用户给提出反馈的时候一定要及时的给予反馈。要想办法采用某种方式邀请他们参与到整个事情的发展过程中，让用户有成就感。</p>
<h4 id="加强私下互动，建立牢固的好基友关系"><a href="#加强私下互动，建立牢固的好基友关系" class="headerlink" title="加强私下互动，建立牢固的好基友关系"></a>加强私下互动，建立牢固的好基友关系</h4><h4 id="帮助大家建立起有价值的社交链接"><a href="#帮助大家建立起有价值的社交链接" class="headerlink" title="帮助大家建立起有价值的社交链接"></a>帮助大家建立起有价值的社交链接</h4><h4 id="礼品、补贴，各种惊喜制造"><a href="#礼品、补贴，各种惊喜制造" class="headerlink" title="礼品、补贴，各种惊喜制造"></a>礼品、补贴，各种惊喜制造</h4><p>–<br>这是我在学习产品能力的第12篇学习笔记。欢迎拍砖。</p>
<p> <a href="https://www.devzhao.com/post/95411053.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">产品学习笔记总目录</a></p>

      
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              <div class="post-toc-content"><ol class="nav"><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#上线前准备"><span class="nav-number">1.</span> <span class="nav-text">上线前准备</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#查"><span class="nav-number">1.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">查</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#符合上线标准了吗？"><span class="nav-number">1.1.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">符合上线标准了吗？</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#运营需要的上线物料准备好了吗？"><span class="nav-number">1.1.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">运营需要的上线物料准备好了吗？</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#提前说，万一产品很烂，运营有机会补救"><span class="nav-number">1.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">提前说，万一产品很烂，运营有机会补救</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#教"><span class="nav-number">1.3.</span> <span class="nav-text">教</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#是否已经告知了运营和小伙伴们？"><span class="nav-number">1.3.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">是否已经告知了运营和小伙伴们？</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#预案"><span class="nav-number">1.4.</span> <span class="nav-text">预案</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#是否有Plan-B"><span class="nav-number">1.4.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">是否有Plan B</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#收拾"><span class="nav-number">1.5.</span> <span class="nav-text">收拾</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#上线后的细节决定人品"><span class="nav-number">1.5.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">上线后的细节决定人品</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#总结"><span class="nav-number">1.6.</span> <span class="nav-text">总结</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#上线前需要做什么？"><span class="nav-number">1.6.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">上线前需要做什么？</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#上线后数据监控与分析"><span class="nav-number">2.</span> <span class="nav-text">上线后数据监控与分析</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#找到种子用户"><span class="nav-number">3.</span> <span class="nav-text">找到种子用户</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#“种子用户”的价值与必要性"><span class="nav-number">3.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">“种子用户”的价值与必要性</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#什么事种子用户？"><span class="nav-number">3.1.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">什么事种子用户？</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#为什么早期需要种子用户？"><span class="nav-number">3.1.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">为什么早期需要种子用户？</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#理想中种子用户的画像及拓展"><span class="nav-number">3.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">理想中种子用户的画像及拓展</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#理想的种子用户长什么样？"><span class="nav-number">3.2.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">理想的种子用户长什么样？</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#找到种子用户的集中常见姿势"><span class="nav-number">3.2.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">找到种子用户的集中常见姿势</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#种子用户的运营侧重点-amp-常见方法"><span class="nav-number">3.3.</span> <span class="nav-text">种子用户的运营侧重点&amp;常见方法</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#给予强烈的重视感-amp-参与感"><span class="nav-number">3.3.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">给予强烈的重视感&amp;参与感</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#加强私下互动，建立牢固的好基友关系"><span class="nav-number">3.3.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">加强私下互动，建立牢固的好基友关系</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#帮助大家建立起有价值的社交链接"><span class="nav-number">3.3.3.</span> <span class="nav-text">帮助大家建立起有价值的社交链接</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#礼品、补贴，各种惊喜制造"><span class="nav-number">3.3.4.</span> <span class="nav-text">礼品、补贴，各种惊喜制造</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></div>
            

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